Solar Power Gujarat
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Solar energy is the best bet
Recently, we had to Bhopal a power outage of 16 hours from from midnight until 4.00 tomorrow afternoon. The UPS has seen us through the hot and stuffy at night, but it also lost its energy by following afternoon. There was no alternative but to endure the discomfort of an acute air cooler afternoon. Frequent breakdowns, but this was unusual.
Lazing around the day sweating in the sweltering heat my mind wanders and walked to Over the past years. In the early 1940s I used to be a child in Gwalior, which was the capital of the State eponymous princely. Although we had electricity in our rented house, there were many others in the neighborhood, including a minister, who did not. Apparently, even then it took a bit to have his house electrified. Living the arteries, we still had lamps gas to light our broad, generally, a deserted alley. Each evening, a man would trudge down the path of a ladder on his shoulders light the lamps mounted on poles a little weak. He repeats his journey early in the morning to turn off the lights. The track received a lot electric lamps later.
Apart from lighting up homes and streets of electricity was very little non-industrial use of those days. Virtually none of the electrical appliances were available for purposes other than, of course, the fans - ceiling or table. Throughout the 40 years I remember, we were able Gwalior hot summers with two table fans in combination with thick curtains khas with water dripping on them by perforated pipes. Radios, symbol for the well-to-do and with their antennae on the roof were very few. The per capita carbon footprint was, of course, negligible
As I grew up radios become ubiquitous, so much so that they would be screaming raucously songs Film in the paan shops. Even during the first few decades of post-independence "Hindu rate of growth (economic)" (About 3%) were middle-class inflation, so late, and electrical equipment and appliances appeared in the markets to feed application. Soon, electric kettles, hot plates, mixers, grinders to refrigerators were introduced to make things easier in the kitchen. For the living rooms there was radio, of course, followed by electrical control turntables, record changers, even radiographs and tape (reel) recorders. To meet the requirements of the weather, there was either heaters or coolers, even an occasional air conditioner.
All this was confined to a thin upper crust of society - the rich and upper middle classes. Liberalization of the economy in the early 1990s led to a change in the sea not only multinationals down in the country in large numbers, transfer of modern technology and sophisticated also held. The rapidly expanding middle class with access to a whole new range of appliances known as "White goods" and luxury items at competitive prices due to the phenomenon of "globalization." What were confined to a small segment gradually came within reach of a much larger section of the population. As a result, today, electricity not only light the houses, it runs the kitchen, help with laundry, dishes and utensils, cools and heats homes, entertaining the family and provides connectivity 24X7. Not surprisingly, the carbon footprint per capita increased from 0.8 in 1990 to 1.3 in 2006 and still far from the footprint of the giants like the U.S., which was 32.8 in 2006.
The explosion of the middle class and the industry growth that accompanies and predestined trade increased demand for power. The offer, however, was never able to meet demand by endemic shortages. The country is currently in a regime of extended power failure and blackouts. All interviews of sufficiency in the near future are misleading because, first, there not enough power projects in the pipeline and on the other hand, in these times of rapid demand of economic growth is still likely to exceed supply.
The problem is likely to get worse that environmental considerations can inhibit the country's efforts to install a number of central coal only if it is able, miraculously, to find cleaner technology thermal power. Similar considerations may hinder the development of hydropower. Already there are protests, for example, against the proposals for dozens of hydroelectric projects in the states of Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh and Arunachal Pradesh. The current government seems to be banking on nuclear power. It also carries its own baggage quite heavy. Apart from the long gestation, not only there are concerns about the safety of installations, there would also be difficult to locate sites for safe disposal nuclear waste.
So far as coal was the main source of our energy. Obviously, the country must now go after energy revolving in a big way. Among renewable energy is solar, wind, tidal and biomass. However, for reasons which are obvious, and solar energy holds the key could be the best bet for India. With about 300 clear, sunny days in one year in India theoretical reception of solar energy only on its surface is sufficient to produce the energy that could be miles times the likely demand in 2015, the conversion efficiency, although PV modules is set at a modest 10%.
Currently solar energy in the country amounts to only 0.4% of the total energy produced. The power of interactive network Solar in June 2007 was just 2.12 MW. Government-funded solar energy in India in 2005 accounted for only about 6.4 megawatts. However, the generation is disintegrated for applications that are mostly off-grid and petty in nature such as public lighting, water heaters, solar lanterns and so on.
Since the potential is enormous which is now required is a huge push for the generation solar energy that can be integrated, at least, with localized and regional grids. It is said that more energy falls on the deserts the world in six hours that the world consumes in a year. Deserts of Africa receive enough power, not only for Africa and Europe, but the world. Thus, the Thar desert with its geographical advantages to India could become solar hotspot.
Instead any position of photovoltaic technology, which turns out to be more expensive unless subsidized as in Europe, concentrating solar (thermal) Power must be given a big boost. There are various technologies that produce energy by concentrating light rays on a small surface to produce heat and use that heat to drive a turbine, which in turn drives a generator. Experts estimate solar thermal power can play an important role in achieving significant yawning demand and supply gap (claimed to be 12% but is actually much more) for electricity.
While the Clinton Climate Foundation is currently considering initiatives huge of solar energy of about 3000 MW in the Rann (Gujarat) and Thar (Rajasthan), the Centre launched the Jawaharlal Nehru Solar Mission. Fortunately, The Mission offers, apart from fighting for world leadership in the manufacture of solar energy, to launch a major R & D in energy Solar - a crying need for the country, given the availability of excess knowledge workers.
According to the Americans, the energy Solar is no longer an "eco-fantasy." We wish we Indians could monkey Americans, particularly Californians, at least with respect production of green energy. Power-hungry that we, as Californians were in 1970, we need to act as the state by inducing consumers to use less energy, by legislating for energy efficiency in buildings, appliances or other, to promote entrepreneurship in industry and require utilities to provide one third of their power from renewables by 2020. Given circumstances, which should not be too much to ask for more!
About the Author
I am a retired senior civil servant of the Government of India based at Bhopal in Madhya Pradesh. I do free-lancing writing mostly on topical and environmental issues.
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